This phenomenon is very common and negatively affects the quality of life, so you should talk more about the types of disease, symptoms, causes and treatment methods.
What is valgus deformation?
Valgus deformation of the stop is an orthopedic pathology, in which a deformation of the plusnoplance joint of the first finger occurs. With it, the first (large) finger on the foot is gradually deviated outward, other fingers are deformed. The most characteristic feature of the disease is the development of exophytes (bone-cheat growth), the foot increases in a transverse size, bending inside. The diagnosis is made when several indicators change at once: the most characteristic feature of the disease is the development of exophytes.
Causes, mechanism
With the deformation of the foot, the joint biomechanics is disturbed and the bone of the plusneva occurs, which leads to curvature of the foot. The weakness of the connecting tissues of the legs is guilty of valgus deformation. With the deformation of the foot, the joint biomechanics is disturbed and the bone of the plusneva occurs, which leads to curvature of the foot. The thumb can no longer look inside and deviates out.
Further, the patient awaits inflammatory processes where the ledge of the bones is observed, Bursitis and changes in bone tissues in the area of the 1st plus bone (its head). All this leads to the wear of the joint, arthritis and arthrosis. All this is complicated by the development of corns and calluses.
Reasons:
- improper shoes (high heels, and its absence, short or small shoes, narrow toe);
- flat feet;
- hypermobility of the joints of the foot;
- short calf muscle;
- genetics and heredity;
- osteoporosis;
- working conditions (those who are forced to stand for a long time);
- disorders in the work of the endocrine system;
- Excess weight.
Types
There are the following varieties of valgus deformation of the foot:
- Static deformation is combined with flat feet and occurs as a result of the curvature of the spine. Treatment should begin with the treatment of the back.
- The reason for the structural valgus deformation of the foot is an innate abnormality of the development of the legs.
- The cause of the paralytic species is encephalitis or polio.
- Rachitic develops as a result of a lack of vitamin D and other substances. It is also possible as a consequence of a violation of mineral metabolism.
- Traumatic occurs after ruptures of ligaments or fracture.
- Spastic deformation develops due to muscle cramps.
- With a compensatory, the tendons are shortened and the shape of the ankle joint changes.
- Hyper -correctional develops after improper therapy of clubfoot.
- With the equino-planning deformation of the foot, the gait is disturbed, the sole is very curved inward, and after a long standing, the person feels severe pain. This disease develops as a result of cerebral palsy and is often found in babies.
- When installing a flat-valgus foot, it does not have a transverse and hollow arrangement.
- The fifth-valgular type of deformation develops due to the improper location of the foot directly in the mother in the womb. The front part of the foot is much allotted, and the heel visually merges with the lower leg.
Symptoms in different stages
The disease develops slowly, but permanent, therefore, at different stages of valgus deformation of the foot, the symptoms will differ.
At an early stage, there are:
- painful sensations when wearing some types of shoes (with a long toe or narrow shoes);
- redness of the skin in the area of protruding seeds.
At the 2nd stage, there are:
- inflammatory processes in the joints;
- pain;
- swelling;
- The growths become more noticeable.
At the 3rd stage:
- The pain becomes exhausting and sharp;
- In the foot there are corns or keratinized skin;
- There is a deformation of all fingers and joints of the foot.
Diagnostics
The main diagnostic methods for determining the valgus deformation of the foot are:
- Clinical inspection. The orthopedist will appreciate the level of deviations of the fingers and heels, as far as the arches of the feet are smoothed out and how much it is shifted inside, plus the presence of edema.
- X -ray. It is performed standing and immediately in 2 projections. Allows you to accurately evaluate all the angles between the joints.
- Ultrasound.
- Plantography. It will help to determine how large the load on the foot and stage of the flat feet is.
- Computer analysis. Otherwise, a computer study of the foot is called the postometry and allows you to determine the pressure on the feet.
Treatment in children and adults
If the deformation is not too neglected, conservative treatment is used.
Medical physical education
It is best to do it in the hospital, but you can at home. It strengthens the foot and helps to properly distribute the load on the foot, plus improves blood circulation and does not allow edema to develop. The complex recommends an orthopedist, or you can deal with the video.
Here are the most effective exercises:
Exercise bicycle is effective for the press and hips, but it will help the feet
- Bike. It is effective for the press and hips, but it will help the feet. When you move your leg away from you, pull your foot forward when you pull the foot on yourself.
- Sitting on the floor. We perform based on the floor with our hands. We bend 8 times and extend the legs in the ankle, spread his fingers widely and return them to I. P. Effectively compressing and unclenching fingers on the legs 6 times.
- On the chair. We move the feet only with the fingers forward and backward. You can clamp the pencil of the 1st and 2nd fingers and draw them on the Whatman what you like.
- We stretch straight legs in a chair on a chair and pull the ankle on ourselves until it stops. We bend it and the 1st finger maximum. After the foot, we stretch out of ourselves and bend the fingers as forward as much as possible. For children, rises to socks, walking on the inside of the foot will be effective.
It will be useful to walk on any ribbed surface, sand, pebbles (non -fast) and just along a narrow path. A scooter and a bicycle will be useful to children, because they strengthen the muscles and joints of the foot. Swimming is also able to strengthen the muscles of the foot and improves blood circulation in it.
Orthopedic devices
Various devices are used here, but they are selected only with an orthopedist:
- Orthopedic shoes. Such shoes should have a hard and high coast, and a special heel, longer from the inside. She should also have a large disclosure that allows you to wear it with other devices (correators and latches).
- Layers. They can be called by sale by proofreaders. The overlays prevent deformations from developing, reducing rubbing and pressure, and do not allow false articular positions to be formed. Made from silicone.
- Tires. Sometimes they avoid surgery, but with advanced stages they are not recommended. They tightly fix the joints and allow him to be constantly in a calm state, relax the muscles and prevent swelling. All this allows the joint to take a healthy and correct shape.
- Bandages. They are used for Hallus Valgus, which is similar to the tires, but they are softer.
- Supinators. So otherwise they call orthopedic insoles. These are mechanical supports that correct the distribution of the load on the feet and fixing joints. With valgus deformation, transverse, transverse and frame supervisors can be used.
- Interdaling partitions. They can be called gaskets, rollers or separators. Facilitate the condition and warn the deformation, but they can not cure dramatically. Normalize the gait. They can be with locks, made of gel or silicone.
- Orthes and tutors. Such products are needed with valgus deformation of the lower leg or knees. Their task is a rigid fixation of the leg. The heralds on sale can also be called insoles, which are written above.
- Massage rugs. They perform the same functions as any uneven surfaces on which it is recommended to walk during the disease. Improve blood flow, prevent swelling, relieve pain.
Physiotherapy
Its task is to relieve a pain symptom, prevent stagnant processes in the foot, improve blood circulation and relieve inflammation with swelling:
- Electrophoresis is carried out with calcium preparations, chondroitin with glucosamine, anti -inflammatory drugs and analgesics
- Diadinamotherapy. This treatment with electric currents (frequency 50-100 Hz. ). Relieves pain has a myostimulating effect, improves joint nutrition. In the treatment of joints, bifurcated electrodes are used. It is contraindicated at high temperature, hypertension, asthma, epilepsy, radiculitis and neuritis, injuries.
- Electrical stimulation. The effect of pulsed currents with different indicators allows you to train and strengthen the deepest muscles. Due to this, the foot is strengthened. It is carried out by applying electrodes on the skin. Duration - no more than 2/3 hours, the course is up to 30 procedures. Contraindications are the same as with diadime therapy plus skin damage.
- Electrophoresis. In this disease, electrophoresis is carried out with calcium preparations, chondroitin with glucosamine, anti -inflammatory drugs and analgesics. There are no contraindications, but you need to choose the right medicine.
- Magnetotherapy. It stimulates all cells and accelerates metabolic processes in the joint, used as an auxiliary agent. The electromagnetic field stimulates nerves and muscles.
- Mud applications. Relieve inflammation, swelling and pain. Mud can be sapropelia, hydrothermal and peat, volcanic and sopom. Applied to the feet in the form of "socks" and covered with fabric. Contraindicated in skin injuries and diabetes.
- Ozokerite. He warms up and nourishes the joints, stops inflammation. Used in the form of baths or "boots".
- Paraffin applications. Parafine is laid on sore legs. Under it they can apply anti -inflammatory ointment. Relieve from inflammation and pain, improve blood supply. Contraindications are the same as in the treatment of mud and ozkerite.
- Night baths. Relax the muscles of the foot, relieve pain and inflammatory processes. The most applicable for baths salt and dirt.
- Acupuncture. It will help to eliminate some causes of the development of feet deformation if it is caused by any disease of the nervous system or endocrine: you only need to act correctly on the correct points.
Operating correction
With too neglected deformation of the feet and an overgrown exophite, the operation is the only effective method. About a hundred types of operations are used to treat deformation today.
The most effective are:
Recovery begins on the 2nd day, when the operated one is allowed to move the fingers
- surgical removal of the growth (minus is that it can grow again);
- balancing of the periarticular muscles;
- reconstruction operation of deformed bones;
- joint fixation - Attodesis;
- operation to restore ligaments and their correct location;
- implantation of the joint or tendon;
- Operation on excision of the heads of plus bones - exostctomy;
- The operation to change the angle between the bones and the removal of the phalanx or plus is osteotomy. Can be chevarine, proximal or distal;
- Dozens of other operations.
Recovery begins on the 2nd day, when the operated one is allowed to move the fingers. After 1. 5 weeks, you can start walking, but you can’t step on a co -operated area.
It is possible to give a load on the leg in 4-5 weeks. After 6 months, you can wear heels and start playing sports.
During rehabilitation, it is recommended to undergo shock-wave therapy, which improves blood circulation in tissues and reduces edema. The methods of physiotherapy described above will be useful.
Folk methods of treatment
Not the best method of correction of valgus deformation of the feet and getting rid of the bone. But you can try.
Compresses are popular.
They use iodine, cabbage sheet, fish (river), aspirin, turpentine, snow, castor oil:
- The cabbage sheet can be applied to the affected joint, wrapped in a scarf and go to bed.
- The turpentine first rubs into the skin, after warming the leg and go to the bed.
- Baths with iodine. A teaspoon of iodine is needed per liter of water. soar the legs 1/3 hours and grind well.
But practice shows that folk treatment of valgus curvature of the feet is ineffective and can harm.
Prevention
Relapses in this ailment happen, because the weakness of the ligaments and muscles is not so simple.
Prevention includes:
- Wearing the right shoes: natural, without narrow sock and in a small heel;
- Treatment of flat feet on time;
- rest to the legs;
- load regulation;
- relaxing baths;
- Orthopedic insoles or supervisors.
What should be shoes?
It is better to order orthopedic shoes in special stores and after consulting with an orthopedist.
Shoes should be:
- soft;
- The sock should be wide;
- Kabluk is required - up to 4 cm. ;
- The backdrop and the supervisor should be dense and high (the height of the backdrop - 3 cm from the heel).